GEO DATA

Data Articles

Analysis of Changes in Vegetation Cover Using Satellite Images of Sorok Island in Republic of Korea: Hyungjin Cho, Seungnam Jin, Jong-Seo Won, Youngjun Park; Received February 3, 2025 Accepted April 4, 2025 Published online June 12, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2025.0002 [Epub ahead of print]

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Abstract PDF: This study aims to compare and analyze the past and present vegetation changes on Sorok Island using satellite imagery to understand the current development patterns that damage the island's unique ecological and environmental characteristics. The findings will serve as fundamental data for establishing sustainable management and conservation plans. Sorok Island, located in Goheung-gun, South Korea, has a historical background as a Hansen's disease patient isolation site. Since 1916, limited human intervention has shaped its unique ecosystem. This study uses Sentinel-2 satellite images from 2016 and 2024 to calculate normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and analyze vegetation vitality and change rates. Results indicate that NDVI values in 2024 have generally increased compared to 2016, and vegetation vitality has also improved. However, NDVI values for forest areas and inland wetlands have decreased, attributed to forest development and expansion of cultivated land. Future research should include long-term vegetation change analysis and comprehensive studies considering various factors.

Characteristics of Plant Communities Distribution in the Estuarine Wetlands along the East and South Coasts of Korea: Yeounsu Chu, Pyoungbeom Kim, Sanghun Lee; GEO DATA. 2025;7(1):9-17. Published online March 24, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2025.0005

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Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to investigate the distribution patterns and ecological characteristics of plant communities in estuarine wetland in South Korea. A total of 288 estuarine wetlands were surveyed, revealing that vegetated areas accounted for 38.3 km², while non-vegetated areas, predominantly water bodies (133.2 km²), covered 143.8 km². The high proportion of water areas in estuarine wetlands (approximately 70%) contrasts with the 50.8% recorded in inland wetlands, reflecting the challenging conditions for plant establishment due to the continuous mixing of fresh and saline waters. A total of 167 plant communities were identified, with reed (Phragmites australis) communities occupying the largest area (26.0 km²). The analysis of habitat preferences revealed that the majority of the plant communities were categorized as obligate wetland plants (47 species) and facultative wetland plants (12 species), with halophytes playing a significant role in maintaining biodiversity in these ecosystems. Comparative analysis between the East and South coasts showed significant differences in the distribution of wetland and halophytic plant communities, suggesting that the distinct geomorphological and ecological conditions of each region strongly influence plant community structures. These research results will provide a scientific basis for the conservation and management of estuarine wetland ecosystems.

Preparation an Ecological Map Using Data from the Third Survey on National Environment: Eui-Jeong Ko, Taeho Kang, Hye-Yeon Yoon; GEO DATA. 2024;6(4):290-297. Published online December 19, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2024.0130

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Abstract PDF: In this study, we created a map to present the results of the third survey on national environment, following the ecological and natural map guidelines established by law. For the terrestrial areas of the Republic of Korea, we conducted three assessments, vegetation, landform, and endangered species, at a national scale. The results yielded an ecological map covering 99,138.5 km². The map showed the area distribution of different grades as follows: 11.3% for grade 1, 31.4% for grade 2, and 57.3% for grade 3. Specifically, within grade 1, vegetation covered 90.5% of the area, endangered species covered 9.7%, and landform covered 1.3% (including overlapping areas). This map provides detailed information including habitats of endangered species that were previously inaccessible to the public. Additionally, it offers insights into management areas with separately managed zone that could not be identified in existing ecological and natural maps.

The Spatial Distribution of Wetland Preference of Vegetation in River Type Wetland Protected Area: Jong-Hak Yun, Yeonhui Jang, Jeong Ho Hwang, Haeseon Shin; GEO DATA. 2024;6(4):189-196. Published online December 16, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2024.0025

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Abstract PDF: The spatial distribution of wetland preference of vegetation was analyzed based on the results of actual vegetation maps for six river type wetland protected areas. There are nine to 23 plant communities distributed in the six wetlands. In wetland preference plant communities, there are 16 obligate wetland plant communities (OBW), 10 facultative wetland plant communities (FACW), seven facultative plant communities (FAC), five factultative upland plant communities (FACU), and 15 obligate upland plant communities (OBU). In the central part of the wetland protected area, OBW and FACW are mainly distributed, and in the peripheral area, FACU and OBU are widely distributed. Therefore, in order to continuously maintain wetland vegetation, it is necessary to prevent drying out by managing inflowing water, removing sediment, and securing water flow.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Photogrammetry Based Dataset of Halophyte Distribution in Jujin Estuary: Donguk Lee, Yeongjae Jang, Joo-Hyung Ryu, Hyeong-Tae Jou, Keunyong Kim; GEO DATA. 2024;6(4):505-511. Published online December 4, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2024.0012

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Abstract PDF: The importance of blue carbon is significant in terms of climate change mitigation and marine ecosystem conservation, and halophyte acts as a crucial reservoir for this blue carbon. Accordingly, this study utilized unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) optical sensors to create a distribution map of vegetation in the natural salt marsh of the Jujin estuary. The optical images captured from a UAV at an altitude of 50 m provide ultra-high-resolution optical information with a ground sampling distance of 0.6 cm. Based on these images, a U-Net model was trained to classify Phragmites communis and Suaeda maritima, generating a classification map of the mixed habitats of salt marsh plants. The areas of Phragmites communis and Suaeda maritima in the Jujin- Cheon region were found to be 6,653.23 m² and 1,409.08 m², respectively. The classification results were validated using field control point data, confirming an approximate classification accuracy of 92%.

Original Papers

Vegetation Spatial Distribution on Taean Duung Wetland Protect Area: Haeseon Shin, Sanghun Lee, Sangwook Han; GEO DATA. 2024;6(1):8-13. Published online March 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2024.0004

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In this study, we conduct for providing information on the status of vegetation space distribution in the Duung wetland protected area and to help manage the wetland protected area. To understand the spatial distribution of vegetation in Duung Wetland, used the results of surveys in 2019 and 2023. As a result of the study, the number of vegetation types increased by 4 from 20 to 24. Four communities were newly investigated, including the Utricularia tenuicaulis community, Pueraria montana var. lobata-Elymus tsukushiensis community, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora community, and Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens community. In accordance with the environment, the range of aquatic plant communities such as Trapa japonica community and Nymphaea tetragona var. angusta community increased, and the succession zone of cultivated land expanded dry grassland. The survey results can be used as basic data for systematic management of the Duung wetland protected area.

Citations

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Improving Inland Wetland Classification Performance of Drone Imagery-Based TransUNet Model Using Multi-Class Data Balancing Technique
Eu-Ru Lee, Jin-Sik Bong, Kyu-Ri Choi, Hyung-Sup Jung
Korean Journal of Remote Sensing.2025; 41(2): 447. CrossRef

Research on the Vegetation Distribution around Wando Arboretum using Aerial Hyperspectral Imaging-Lidar: Dukyeop Kim, Junghyun Lee, Nam-Shin Kim; GEO DATA. 2023;5(4):339-346. Published online December 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2023.0047

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Abstract PDF: The average temperature of the Korean Peninsula over the past 30 years has risen 1.4°C compared to the early 20th century (1912-1941), exceeding the global temperature increase trend. Vegetation responds very sensitively to climate change. Changes in phenological response, such as fall fliage, fruiting time of vascular plants, and appearance of insects, have occurred. Areas around Wando Arboretum, the target area of this study, belongs to the subtropical climate zone. In this study, we aimed to provide basic data for systematic management of biological resources through out the survey of vegetation distribution in the area around Wando Arboretum where warm-temperate plants distribute, using hyperspectral imaging- LiDAR. As a result of converting the classification images of individual information using hyperspectral images and Lidar into objects by vegetation correlation, a total of 27 classifications were confirmed with 18 families, 24 species, and three varieties. In addition, a total of 29,884 individuals were identified.

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