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Original Paper
로드킬 정보시스템으로 수집된 고양이 로드킬 발생 현황 연구
허수안1orcid, 김일룡2orcid, 김세희3orcid, 이한비1orcid, 송의근2,*orcid
The Integrated Dataset of Cat (Felis catus) Roadkill by Korea Roadkill Observation System
Sooahn Heo1orcid, Il Ryong Kim2orcid, Sehee Kim3orcid, Hanbi Lee1orcid, Euigeun Song2,*orcid
GEO DATA 2023;5(4):298-303.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2023.0042
Published online: December 22, 2023

1전문위원, 국립생태원, 충청남도 서천군 마서면 금강로 1210, 33657, 대한민국

2전임연구원, 국립생태원, 충청남도 서천군 마서면 금강로 1210, 33657, 대한민국

3연구원, 국립생태원, 충청남도 서천군 마서면 금강로 1210, 33657, 대한민국

1Research Associate, National Institute of Ecology, 1210 Geumgang-ro, Maseo-myeon, Seocheon-gun, 33657 Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea

2Associate Researcher, National Institute of Ecology, 1210 Geumgang-ro, Maseo-myeon, Seocheon-gun, 33657 Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea

3Researcher, National Institute of Ecology, 1210 Geumgang-ro, Maseo-myeon, Seocheon-gun, 33657 Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea

Corresponding Author Euigeun Song Tel: +82-41-950-5426 E-mail: song@nie.re.kr
• Received: November 9, 2023   • Revised: November 22, 2023   • Accepted: November 30, 2023

Copyright © 2023 GeoAI Data Society

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • The incidence of roadkill and habitat fragmentation caused by human development and road networks is on the rise. Cats primarily consume artificial food and engage in hunting near urban areas. Their numbers have an impact on the ecosystem, and cat roadkill incidents are also prevalent. In South Korea, roadkill observations are conducted by the road management agency and the Korea Roadkill Observation System. Over a 3-year period, the number of cat roadkill incidents resulted in 19,973 recorded cases, and the highest rate was in Busan Metropolitan City. Cat roadkill incidents were most prevalent during October and November. Also When analyzed at the local government level, Dangjin-si, Yangpyeong-gun, and Busan Metropolitan City exhibited the highest concentrations. This research offers essential insights for managing the cat population and mitigating cat roadkill occurrences.
우리나라는 개발압력에 의한 도시개발과 더불어 도로 연장의 증가로 인해 야생동물의 서식지가 단절되고 있고 이로 인해 많은 야생동물 로드킬이 발생하고 있다(Choi et al., 2018; Filius et al., 2020; Forman and Alexander, 1998; Woo, 2010).
하지만 고양이(Felis catus)도 로드킬에 있어서 예외는 아니다(Choi, 2016; Rochlitz, 2004). 국내 고양이는 주로 도심지와 도심지 근교에 서식하는데, 사람의 음식물 쓰레기와 동물보호단체, 지역주민의 먹이주기 활동으로 배급되는 사료를 주요 먹이자원으로 삼고, 집쥐, 조류, 곤충 등을 사냥하기도 한다(Bing, 2012; Eberhard, 1954; Hwang, 2013; Lee et al., 2009; Ministry of Environment, 2001; Woods et al., 2003). 고양이는 1년에 2번 이상의 번식이 가능하며 도심지의 풍부한 먹이자원 또한 고양이 높은 번식률에 기여하는 것으로 보고되고 있다(Bradshaw et al., 1999; Lessa and Bergallo, 2012; Levy and Crawford, 2004). 반면 국내 도심 생태계 내 고양이의 개체 수를 조절할 수 있는 천적종은 알려진 바가 없어 자연적인 개체 수 조절은 어려운 것으로 추정된다(Choi et al, 2014; Ministry of Environment, 2001; Vantassel, 2013). 중성화 수술을 통해 고양이 개체 수를 줄이려는 노력을 하고 있지만 그 실효성에 대해 아직 다양한 논쟁이 있고, 자연히 고양이가 로드킬에 더 많이 노출될 수밖에 없는 현실이다(Hwang, 2013; Kim et al., 2001; Kweon, 2023).
로드킬은 야생동물의 피해뿐만 아니라 운전자의 생명을 위협하고, 정신적, 경제적인 피해를 주기도 한다(Bruinderink and Hazebroek, 1996; Cha and Jeong, 2019; Choi et al., 2017; Conover, 1997; Denny et al., 2002; Song et al., 2013). 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 고양이 로드킬 발생 기초정보인 월별, 권역별, 지자체별 정보를 수집하였다.
환경부와 국토교통부는 2018년 5월 동물 찻길 사고(로드킬) 조사 및 관리 지침을 제정하고 시행하였으며, 2021년 5월 일부 개정한 지침을 시행하였다. 도로법 제23조에 의거 도로관리청은 해당 관리 구간에 야생동물 포유류 또는 조류 로드킬이 발생되면 그 정보를 로드킬 조사용 앱(App, 굿로드)을 이용하여 동물의 사진, 위치정보 등을 수집하여야 한다. 수집된 정보는 국립생태원 로드킬 정보시스템으로 전송하여야 하며, 국립생태원은 종동정과 위치정보를 검토하고 승인한다. 승인된 정보는 로드킬 발생 종, 권역, 발생 월, 년 등의 기초자료로 수집된다(Song et al., 2022).
지침에 해당하는 조사 대상은 야생동물 포유류와 조류이다. 하지만 도로관리청은 야생동물뿐만 아니라 가축을 포함한 포유류와 조류의 정보를 전송하였다. 도로관리청은 로드킬 조사용 앱을 이용하여 로드킬 정보시스템으로 정보를 전송하는데 야생동물 포유류와 가축 동물 등의 종을 사전 동정하는 경우 혼란이 가중될 우려가 있어 발생되는 모든 동물에 대한 정보를 전송하였다. 또한 동물의 사체가 훼손된 경우 종 동정이 어렵기 때문에 야생동물과 더불어 가축동물을 포함한 고양이의 정보도 전송하였다. 일부 도로관리청은 로드킬 사체처리 업무를 위탁하는 경우 로드킬 정보시스템으로 수집된 정보 건수를 기준으로 수당을 지급하기 때문에 고양이를 포함한 모든 동물의 정보가 수집되었다.
2019년 1월부터 2021년 12월까지 로드킬 정보시스템으로 수집된 고양이 로드킬은 총 19,973건이었다(Table 1). 권역별로 가장 많은 정보가 수집된 곳은 부산광역시로 확인되었으며(Table 2, Fig. 1), 3년간 10월과 11월에 가장 많은 정보가 수집되었다(Table 1). 또한 지자체 단위에서 3년간 가장 많은 정보가 수집된 곳은 당진시, 양평군 그리고 부산광역시로 확인되었다(Table 3).
본 연구는 3년간 도로관리청에서 전송한 고양이 로드킬 정보를 기반으로 월별, 권역별, 시군구별 통계 결과를 도출하였다. 2021년의 통계수치가 전체적으로 다른 연도와 차이가 큰 것은 도로관리청에서의 정보 수집률이 늘었기 때문으로 사료된다. 해당 논문은 고양이 중성화 사업 우선순위 선정에 필요한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 판단된다. 또한 고양이 로드킬 예방을 위한 정책 반영에 중요한 기초자료로 활용될 것이다.

Conflict of Interest

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

Funding Information

This work was supported by the National Institute of Ecology (NIE-B-2023-05).

Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in [Ecobank] at http://doi.org/10.22756/GEO.20230000000835.

Fig. 1.
Map of cat roadkill records.
GD-2023-0042f1.jpg
Table 1.
Number of cat roadkill by month
Month Year
2019 2020 2021 Total
January 402 274 741 1,417
February 446 246 946 1,638
March 422 281 960 1,663
April 434 293 818 1,545
May 431 282 837 1,550
June 373 224 1,104 1,701
July 331 226 1,118 1,675
August 321 183 1,053 1,557
September 373 174 1,090 1,637
October 495 271 1,235 2,001
November 421 259 1,359 2,039
December 212 295 1,043 1,550
Total 4,661 3,008 12,304 19,973
Table 2.
Number of cat roadkill by region
Region Year
2019 2020 2021 Total Percent (%)
Gwangju 1 2 557 560 3.0
Daegu 68 24 28 94 0.0
Daejeon 0 3 3 6 0.0
Busan 17 10 3,173 3,200 16.0
Seoul 0 5 1 6 0.0
Sejong 36 5 135 176 1.0
Ulsan 50 42 7 99 0.0
Incheon 6 32 666 704 4.0
Jeju 14 10 13 37 0.0
Gangwon-do 268 252 646 1,166 6.0
Gyeonggi-do 856 731 1,507 3,094 15.0
Gyeongsangnam-do 463 372 1,275 2,110 11.0
Gyeongsangbuk-do 730 383 1,298 2,437 12.0
Jeollanam-do 312 90 283 685 3.0
Jeollabuk-do 307 160 340 807 4.0
Chungcheongnam-do 1,068 445 368 1,881 9.0
Chungcheongbuk-do 465 442 2,004 2,911 15.0
Total 4,661 3,008 12,304 19,973 100.0
Table 3.
Top 15 ranked local governments in cat roadkill
Rank Year (number)
2019 2020 2021
1 Dangjin (380) Yangpyeong (209) Busan (3,172)
2 Asan (216) Dangjin (189) Cheongju (1,448)
3 Yangpyeong (169) Pocheon (157) Incheon (666)
4 Gapyeong (132) Chungju (109) Gwangju Metropolitan city (557)
5 Seongju (128) Gapyeong (95) Goyang (509)
6 Seosan (127) Eumseong (87) Changwon (460)
7 Pocheon (125) Asan (67) Uljin (338)
8 Chilgok (108) Tongyeong (67) Yangpyeong (288)
9 Chungju (108) Andong (63) Miryang (271)
10 Yesan (89) Geoje (60) Tongyeong (262)
11 Eumseong (86) Jincheon (59) Chungju (204)
12 Namyangju (81) Seongju (57) Chilgok (150)
13 Cheonan (71) Goseong, Gyeongsangnam-do (56) Gumi (135)
14 Daegu (68) Namyangju (49) Sejong (135)
15 Goseong, Gyeongsangnam-do (66) Hoengseong (46) Yangyang (110)
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Metadata for Dataset
Sort Field Subcategory#1 Subcategory#2
Essential *Title Location of cat roadkill in South Korea
*DOI name http://doi.or.kr/10.22756/GEO.20230000000835
*Category Biota
Abstract Roadkill due to roadways and habitat fragmentation is on the rise, and incidents of cat roadkill have also increased. Over a 3-year period, the number of cat roadkill incidents resulted in 19,973 recorded cases, and the highest concentration was in Busan Metropolitan City. Cat roadkill incidents are most prevalent during October and November. When analyzed at the local government level, Dangjin-si, Yangpyeong-gun, and Busan Metropolitan City exhibited the highest concentrations.
*Temporal Coverage 2019-01-01 to 2021-12-31
*Spatial Coverage Address Ecobank
WGS84 Coordinates Point/Line/Polygon
38°34’1.44”N 128°23’26.87”E
33°11’48.00”N 126°16’16.37”E
*Personnel Name Euigeun Song
Affiliation National Institute of Ecology
E-mail song@nie.re.kr
*CC License CC BY-NC
Optional *Project A study on enhancing habitat connectivity in the sustainable landscape
*Instrument Android App (Goodroad)

Figure & Data

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      Figure
      • 0
      The Integrated Dataset of Cat (Felis catus) Roadkill by Korea Roadkill Observation System
      Image
      Fig. 1. Map of cat roadkill records.
      The Integrated Dataset of Cat (Felis catus) Roadkill by Korea Roadkill Observation System
      Month Year
      2019 2020 2021 Total
      January 402 274 741 1,417
      February 446 246 946 1,638
      March 422 281 960 1,663
      April 434 293 818 1,545
      May 431 282 837 1,550
      June 373 224 1,104 1,701
      July 331 226 1,118 1,675
      August 321 183 1,053 1,557
      September 373 174 1,090 1,637
      October 495 271 1,235 2,001
      November 421 259 1,359 2,039
      December 212 295 1,043 1,550
      Total 4,661 3,008 12,304 19,973
      Region Year
      2019 2020 2021 Total Percent (%)
      Gwangju 1 2 557 560 3.0
      Daegu 68 24 28 94 0.0
      Daejeon 0 3 3 6 0.0
      Busan 17 10 3,173 3,200 16.0
      Seoul 0 5 1 6 0.0
      Sejong 36 5 135 176 1.0
      Ulsan 50 42 7 99 0.0
      Incheon 6 32 666 704 4.0
      Jeju 14 10 13 37 0.0
      Gangwon-do 268 252 646 1,166 6.0
      Gyeonggi-do 856 731 1,507 3,094 15.0
      Gyeongsangnam-do 463 372 1,275 2,110 11.0
      Gyeongsangbuk-do 730 383 1,298 2,437 12.0
      Jeollanam-do 312 90 283 685 3.0
      Jeollabuk-do 307 160 340 807 4.0
      Chungcheongnam-do 1,068 445 368 1,881 9.0
      Chungcheongbuk-do 465 442 2,004 2,911 15.0
      Total 4,661 3,008 12,304 19,973 100.0
      Rank Year (number)
      2019 2020 2021
      1 Dangjin (380) Yangpyeong (209) Busan (3,172)
      2 Asan (216) Dangjin (189) Cheongju (1,448)
      3 Yangpyeong (169) Pocheon (157) Incheon (666)
      4 Gapyeong (132) Chungju (109) Gwangju Metropolitan city (557)
      5 Seongju (128) Gapyeong (95) Goyang (509)
      6 Seosan (127) Eumseong (87) Changwon (460)
      7 Pocheon (125) Asan (67) Uljin (338)
      8 Chilgok (108) Tongyeong (67) Yangpyeong (288)
      9 Chungju (108) Andong (63) Miryang (271)
      10 Yesan (89) Geoje (60) Tongyeong (262)
      11 Eumseong (86) Jincheon (59) Chungju (204)
      12 Namyangju (81) Seongju (57) Chilgok (150)
      13 Cheonan (71) Goseong, Gyeongsangnam-do (56) Gumi (135)
      14 Daegu (68) Namyangju (49) Sejong (135)
      15 Goseong, Gyeongsangnam-do (66) Hoengseong (46) Yangyang (110)
      Sort Field Subcategory#1 Subcategory#2
      Essential *Title Location of cat roadkill in South Korea
      *DOI name http://doi.or.kr/10.22756/GEO.20230000000835
      *Category Biota
      Abstract Roadkill due to roadways and habitat fragmentation is on the rise, and incidents of cat roadkill have also increased. Over a 3-year period, the number of cat roadkill incidents resulted in 19,973 recorded cases, and the highest concentration was in Busan Metropolitan City. Cat roadkill incidents are most prevalent during October and November. When analyzed at the local government level, Dangjin-si, Yangpyeong-gun, and Busan Metropolitan City exhibited the highest concentrations.
      *Temporal Coverage 2019-01-01 to 2021-12-31
      *Spatial Coverage Address Ecobank
      WGS84 Coordinates Point/Line/Polygon
      38°34’1.44”N 128°23’26.87”E
      33°11’48.00”N 126°16’16.37”E
      *Personnel Name Euigeun Song
      Affiliation National Institute of Ecology
      E-mail song@nie.re.kr
      *CC License CC BY-NC
      Optional *Project A study on enhancing habitat connectivity in the sustainable landscape
      *Instrument Android App (Goodroad)
      Table 1. Number of cat roadkill by month

      Table 2. Number of cat roadkill by region

      Table 3. Top 15 ranked local governments in cat roadkill


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